Which rhetorical figure involves the repetition of the same word or phrase at the beginning of successive lines or sentences?

The correct answer is anaphora, which is a rhetorical figure that emphasizes a particular idea or theme through the repetition of the same word or phrase at the beginning of successive lines, clauses, or sentences. This technique not only creates rhythm and can enhance the emotional impact of the text but also reinforces the message or concept being presented.

For example, you might encounter anaphora in speeches or poetry, where the repetition powerfully drives home a feeling or sets a tone that resonates with the audience. This method is particularly effective in persuasive contexts, as it can help to evoke strong feelings or prompt reflection in the audience.

The other options, while important literary terms, describe different devices. Anecdote refers to a short and interesting story about a real incident or person, often used to illustrate a point. Apostrophe involves addressing an absent or imaginary person, or an abstract idea, which creates a sense of dialogue. Analogy is a comparative figure that shows how two different things are similar in certain respects, often to clarify an idea or concept. Each serves a unique purpose in writing but does not share the specific characteristic of repetition found in anaphora.