Which term describes a recurring theme or element throughout a literary work?

The correct term that describes a recurring theme or element throughout a literary work is "motif." A motif serves as a unifying element within a narrative, appearing repeatedly and helping to reinforce or articulate the broader themes of the piece. This could manifest through repeated symbols, actions, phrases, or ideas that enhance the meaning and depth of the work.

In contrast, "plot" refers to the sequence of events and actions that make up the story itself, focusing on the structure rather than recurring elements. "Characterization" involves the methods used by an author to develop characters and portray their complexities, rather than focusing on thematic repetition. "Subplot" describes secondary storylines within a larger narrative that might relate to the main plot but are not centered on recurring themes or elements. Thus, "motif" is the term that accurately encapsulates a key literary feature of recurrence throughout a work.